Who killed Romeo and Juliet - 1978 Words

The shocking and tragic death of two young teens, both from families that hate each other. A Capulet and a Montague, both dead, and their families are grieving. But who is to blame? The young couples secret marriage, hidden from both of their families are wondering, who is to blame for their children’s death? What made these two young people do such a terrible thing to themselves, like committing suicide? Their deaths are surely related, but somebody must be blamed! To answer the question, three people are responsible for the death of Juliet Capulet and Romeo Montague. Three people you may ask, and yes, three people. No, these three people did not plot together to ruin Juliet and Romeo’s lives, forcing them to commit suicide. Surprisingly,†¦show more content†¦Romeo says, Romeo: I fear, too early; for my mind misgives Some consequence, yet hanging in the stars, Shall bitterly begin his fearful date With his night’s reveals, and expire the term Of a despi sed life closed in my breast By some vile forfeit of untimely death But He that hath the steerage of my course Direct my sail! Oh, lusty gentlemen! (Act 1, Scene 4, Line 106-113) Romeo is saying that, his gut instinct is telling him to not go to the party. He feels that a consequence is hanging in his future if he does attend, yet he makes the mistake that causes his own death and Juliet’s by taking the risk of what could happen tonight and deciding to attend the Capulets party. If he had trust his instincts, he would not be dead right now, because he would have never met Juliet and fallen in love with her. By him meeting and falling in love with Juliet at the Capulets party, it caused his death and hers. The last person to blame for the death of Romeo and Juliet, is Juliet’s father, Lord Capulet. In the beginning of the story, a young man named Paris wishes to marry Juliet, but Lord Capulet says, Lord Capulet: My will to her consent is but a part; An she agree, within her scope of choice (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 17-18) Lord Capulet tells Paris that he will let him marry Juliet, only if she agrees. Juliet is allowed to have a say in who she wishes to marry, but now that she is in love with Romeo, it must be keptShow MoreRelatedWho Killed Romeo And Juliet?816 Words   |  4 PagesWho killed Romeo and Juliet? â€Å"For never was a story of more woe Than this of Juliet and her Romeo.† (Act 5, Scene 3) Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is the tragic tale of a â€Å"pair of star-cross’d lovers† whose double-suicide reconciles their quarreling families. Though Romeo and Juliet took their own lives, it is difficult to determine who is to blame for their death: Nurse, Friar Laurence, or the dearly departed couple themselves? The Capulet’s Nurse raised Juliet from a young age, and was likeRead MoreRomeo And Juliet1001 Words   |  5 PagesWho or what is to blame for the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet? Have you ever wondered why Romeo and Juliet truly died? What was the cause of their death? Let me tell you. Romeo and Juliet were lovers who lived in brawling families. They loved each other so much that they couldn’t stand to be apart. Romeo thought Juliet died, so he killed himself; however, Juliet was not dead. She had taken a potion to make her seem dead so Romeo and she could be together. After Juliet woke and saw Romeo dead, she decidedRead MoreRomeo And Juliet1001 Words   |  5 PagesWho or what is to blame for the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet? Have you ever wondered why Romeo and Juliet truly died? What was the cause of their death? Let me tell you. Romeo and Juliet were lovers who lived in brawling families. They loved each other so much that they couldn’t stand to be apart. Romeo thought Juliet died, so he killed himself; however, Juliet was not dead. She had taken a potion to make her seem dead so Romeo and she could be together. After Juliet woke and saw Romeo dead, she decidedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet759 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Sword; Romeo, Juliet and Others Accountable for Their End Everyone in the world has had love on at least some level. Romeo and Juliet from William Shakespeare s famous play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† were so deeply in love they killed themselves to stay together. But who is to blame for the early death of Romeo and Juliet? Is it their ancestors fault? Their parents? Or are Romeo and Juliet the only ones to blame? The characters of Romeo and Juliet are Paris, Capulet, Lady Capulet, Juliet, The NurseRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1400 Words   |  6 PagesTitle: Romeo and Juliet Author: William Shakespeare Genre: Romance and Tragedy. Setting The story is taking place in Verona, Italy, it is a midcentury-1590s background story, and the cultural context was that there is the feuds between the two families; Montagues and Capulets, which were giving attentions to all the people living in Verona. It is really important to know the setting of the story to know the social background of the time that the story was written so that as a reader I can understandRead MoreAct 3 Scene 1 of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeares Romeo and Juliet A turning point in the play Romeo and Juliet is in act 3 seen 1 when Romeo kills Tybalt, because Mercutios and Tybalts death influence the future events in the play, there is a change in Romeos fortune, behaviour which leads to tragedy. Shakespeare introduces fear and tension that continues till the end of the play and increases the pace of the play and the audiences suspense. On the Monday afternoon not long after Romeo had marriedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet894 Words   |  4 PagesStory Vs. Romeo Juliet â€Å"Oh Romeo Romeo wherefore art thou Romeo...?† These famous words are from the romantic classic, Romeo and Juliet, which has been the hard hitting piece that many novels, romantic comedies, dramas, and many more genres of art have adapted from. Though many of these adaptations fail to use the poetic aspect of the play, there are few who try and preserve the art of poetry. Nevertheless, West Side Story, a romantic movie is the perfect adaptation of Romeo and Juliet. West sideRead MoreEssay on Romeo and Juliets Change of Fate1049 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"there is no such thing as an accidents; it is fate misnamed.† This refers to the novel, and a play of Romeo and Juliet written by William Shakespeare, the two young lover’s life began and ended with misfortune. The most remembered lovers of all times became the helpless victims of fate. Tybalt’s aggressive nature, Friar Lawrence failed attempted to send an important message to Romeo, and Romeo’s impulsive decision to commit suicide let to the unfortunate and tragic end of the story. Read MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis1180 Words   |  5 Pageswhether it is true or not. William Shakespeare explores this statement, as he writes his most famous play, Romeo and Juliet. The play is set in the town of Verona in France, where two families, the Montagues and the Capulets, struggle to keep peace, as the feud of many generations still splits the town in half. Through their family feuds, the two young lovers, the Montague Romeo and the Capulet Juliet, try to have a relationships. However, many events eventually lead them to the downfall of both charactersRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Romeo And Juliet By William Shakespeare976 Words   |  4 PagesThe tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, which represents love and sacrifice, is one of the most famous plays ever written by Shakespeare. The play was written in 1595 and published in 1597. Romeo and Juliet is a sad love story with feuding fam ilies, the Capulets and the Montagues. The play takes place in Verona, Italy. It contains the heart-breaking story of the stars-crossed lovers as they fall in love instantly. Friar Lawrence is the priest who married the couple. He marries them in hopes that the two

The Vital Importance Of Education - 1539 Words

The vital importance of how education works in our country needs to be centered around the best interest of the students. The more the curriculum is designed towards the close relationship to the individual student, the better the child will receive information and preform. The education in the United States is continuing to decline, and the only way for it to improve is if a drastic change is made. What change is needed? Well, if there are other countries that are excelling, then taking a look at the structure of their education system can help our country mold a new style of knowledge development. International relationships are continuing to grow in our world due to technological advancements. It has become much easier for countries†¦show more content†¦Since children are developing, the better nourished they are, the better their development will be. If children started school later, they would have an extended time to develop essential tools of socialization and structure. Instead of beginning a formal education at the age of five, if children began around the age of seven they would promote playing and socializing (Freeman). This would not mean that children would lack any knowledge provided, rather, they would be learning a different set of skills in a less curriculum-based setting. They would encourage skills such as interaction with other children and independency. Children would be able to put more attention on acknowledging their own identity because there would not be as much emphasis about being told to complete assignments. They would still include the ba sis knowledge of numbers and the alphabet, but in a more social environment. This would be a possible transition for our state because the only thing that would need to change is where the children are going. We would probably need to create more daycares, but the educational system in our state could design a way for this to occur. Additionally, they could even incorporate daycares within kindergartens or other schools to utilize the spaces that they already have. Nonetheless, the routine of going to school would stay intact, but the knowledge and structure of the day would alter.Show MoreRelatedEssay on The Importance of Business Education717 Words   |  3 PagesHow Business Education can leverage the career of a mid-term to-be-professional Education has a vital role to play when it comes to ascending in the respective career choices made by individuals. One needs to be eagle eyed for information as such an attitude always counts in marching forward towards one’s goals and objectives. The workplace, irrespective of whichever sector, is a battleground for all professionals to show their true worth to their employers and get promotions, raise and appreciationRead MoreImportance of College Education in the Field of Criminal Justice656 Words   |  3 PagesImportance of College Education in Criminal Justice Field: The criminal justice field has careers that provide an individual with great rewards and significant opportunities to an extent that the profession is considered as one with the bright spots in employment. Even though education in this field has had a checkered history and past, it probably has a bright future because of the increased quest for quality in criminal justice education. In the past few years, the criminal justice field hasRead MoreImproving Medication Communication And Medication1080 Words   |  5 Pageshelp them fight whatever disease or infection they may be suffering from. Medications play such a vital part in human lives today. Physicians are always coming up with new medications that they would like to try for a certain illness. As patients get prescribed new medications they need to be taught the purpose and the side effect of the drug. Communicating the purpose and side effects of drugs are vital components for patient safety and also compliance. The need to educate patients about the medicationsRead MoreE Learning Systems Improve Employee Engagement1421 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough the Internet, to deliver information and instruction to individuals (Lee, Hsieh Chen, 2013). Does the high cost of electronic learning or virtual classrooms really hold up to the hype? E-learning, or online learning, systems are becoming vital within the workforce today, and will continue to grow as technology advances; as a result, its success depends on how employers and human resources staff support their employees and the use of e-learning systems. How a system is developed, implementedRead MoreEvaluation of Effective Training in Healthcare: An Important Aspect1317 Words   |  5 Pagescare. Hence, training and education remain vital, as does continuously measuring competencies and evaluating training effectiveness. Without these, it is impossible to ensure that the health care profession maintains the high standards necessary to maintain its ethical and professional potential. According to the American Psychological Association (2012), there is no doubt that there is a critical need for an increase and enhancement of health care workforce education and training. The main premiseRead MoreOne Can Agree That The Education Of Children Is Vital.The1280 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the education of children is vital. The education of young girls is particularly underestimated, unequal, and is deemed unrelated to the success of the community lived in and the everyday lives young girls live. When this nonchalant perspective of young girls education is taken, it puts the community at a disadvantage. A supportive organization helps keep these girls in school, allows them to grow indefinitely, and stimulates the economy in which these girls live in. When the education of youngRead MoreA Research Study On Health1139 Words   |  5 PagesIn the case study, talks about a young person who have been admitted to the mental health unit, who is experiencing a serious stres s and anxiety. The context in which an individual lives is of great importance on health status and quality of life. Health is maintained and improved through the advancement and application of health science and through the efforts and suitable lifestyle choices of the individual. According to the World Health Organisation, the main determinants of health include theRead MoreNursing Issues Within The Paediatric Environment Within Nsw1248 Words   |  5 Pagesincreasingly successful interventions and effectively improved health outcomes (Parham, 2012). The worsening physiology of a clinically deteriorating patient is strongly tied to an increase in hospital mortality (Mitchell et al., 2010), and thus the importance of identifying the patient decline is of paramount to effective nursing care. This essay will investigate this current nursing issue in the paediatric environment within NSW in an Australian context. It will examine the impact clinical deteriorationRead MoreEssay Credentialing vs Educa ting883 Words   |  4 Pagesthe credentialing’s purpose in higher education and how the credentialing affected Americans’ perspective of their future’s life. Additionally, she gave explanation about the appearance of â€Å"credentialing [as] an indirect legacy of the Great Depression of the 1930’s† because people noticed that credentialing was the vital prerequisite from rising out of poverty. (pg. 167) People wanted to get a degree for a better job. Jacobs illustrated that education was truly significant and undoubtedlyRead MoreThe Importance Of Building A Strong Literary Foundation For Children Beginning As Possible852 Words   |  4 PagesStarting Early by Susan Percy is an article that details the importance of building a strong literary foundation for children beginning as soon as possible. â€Å"Early childhood experience has a huge effect on your life later on†(Percy, 2014, p. 1), so it is vital to immerse children in a learning-rich environment. Emergent Literacy, also known as early literacy, â€Å"is a concept that supports learning to read in a positive home environment where children are in the process of becoming literate from birth†

Discussion And Implications For The Eap Program Education Essay Free Essays

string(205) " because the findings of this research indicate that pupils ‘ deficiency of experience in a concerted acquisition environment to a great extent impacts on their EAP acquisition and academic success\." Introduction The two old chapters demonstrated the importance of researching Saudi pupils ‘ demands and the academic civilization that they encounter while analyzing in British establishments which relate to their English acquisition experience in Saudi Arabia, including their positions about larning English in the UK and analyzing in a British graduate student programme and to uncover single demands and battles in larning EAP. Without analyzing Saudi pupils ‘ positions about their demands analysis from the beginning in Saudi Arabia, and the EAP class in the UK, I would non be able to do any relevant connexions between the EAP and postgraduate context and demo how their positions and behaviors vary in footings of linguistic communication demands and academic demands. It is apparent that the Saudi pupils sampled in this survey happen it hard to get by with linguistic communication demands and the academic civilization differences despite the fact that they are given the chance to fix t hemselves either in Saudi Arabia or in the UK before get downing their graduate student plans in the UK. We will write a custom essay sample on Discussion And Implications For The Eap Program Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is, hence, imperative to analyze their current readying in footings of EAP and cultural differences and to propose possible ways to better the support that is offered to these pupils. The three major theories that underpinned this survey were Present state of affairs analysis ( PSA ) , Target state of affairs analysis ( TSA ) and civilization analysis. The PSA and TSA are based on the Huticon and Water ( 1987 ) theoretical account which suggested happening out the pupils ‘ current and future demands. The cultural demands analysis is based on different research workers e.g. as explained in the 3rd chapter which suggested look intoing the academic demands of pupils analyzing in English speech production states. Second, this research aimed to place the relationships between Saudi pupils analyzing in British graduate student plans and their version to their new academic environment and the possible struggles they encountered. Last, this survey conceptualised the nature of Saudi pupils, as a specific group through their experiences in British graduate student plans. Refering these theories, this research provided findings that reflect the current jobs Saudi pupils face and inside informations possible parts to Saudi pupils, British faculty members and policy shapers in footings of better apprehension Saudi pupils ‘ acquisition procedures in British graduate student plans, get the better ofing the cross-cultural issues viz. academic civilization and get bying with troubles in footings of the new academic context they need to accommodate to in the British context. The first issue raised in this research was related to ( PSA ) on the subject of larning English. It focused on discourses that might uncover of import facets of English linguistic communication troubles through looking at Saudi pupils ‘ experiences in larning the English linguistic communication in the two different instruction systems. Harmonizing to the research findings here, Saudi pupils sampled in this survey were accustomed to a teacher-centred acquisition environment. The development of Saudi pupils ‘ cognition about larning forms in this system seems non to fit them good to larn English for Academic Purposes. For illustration, it seems that it is slightly difficult for EAP instructors to set up what kind of troubles the pupils have in larning the English linguistic communication. Basically, the teacher-centred acquisition system is likely to forestall them from managing the jobs they face because most instructors in this environment are non regarded as feeders. I n a word, the instructors ‘ function in this system is non appropriate for Saudi pupils ‘ development in EAP unless instructors work hard to suit the pupils. To set this merely, it would be helpful if instructors guided the pupils to accommodate to the British system of learning English bit by bit, as making this would heighten Saudi pupils ‘ experiences larning EAP. Harmonizing to literature, pupils can develop their English through interacting with equals, and these synergistic discourses are really of import to make ways of developing the proficiency degree of EAP scholars. Saudi pupils sampled in this survey are mostly those who have shifted to a student-centred acquisition system and therefore encountered many jobs with their new larning environment specifically when they start their graduate student surveies. They would hence hold more opportunity of sing unexpected English linguistic communication troubles in footings of interacting with native and non-native pupils, faculty members and people in the host community. It is natural that a student-centred acquisition system should supply a better environment for Saudi pupils to make synergistic discourses which they could use for the development of their EAP abilities. With respect to the importance of a tutorial type of activity ; this is non a formal portion of the Saudi instruction system. There are similar types of Sessionss offered by the private sector in third Saudi establishments, but this is different from the British instruction system which regards tutorials as an indispensable portion of the acquisition and learning teaching method. This means that Saudi pupils are non prepared to take part in concerted acquisition activities such as tutorials and squad work. They are non good at sharing thoughts or discoursing the issues that might be raised in category. This is a major trouble that Saudi pupils have in accommodating to cross-cultural differences faced in British graduate student plans. It is a new challenge for them to get the better of this indispensable undertaking in order to set about their classs successfully. However, it is besides true that this can non be changed in the short term because Saudi pupils have non been taught with a discussion-based manner including equals and instructors in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this is a important issue for both the Saudi instruction system and British third instruction suppliers. For the Saudi instruction system, policy shapers who are involved demand to be concerned that they provide a instruction teaching method in line with the subject of a concerted group larning environment for Saudi pupils. This is because the findings of this research indicate that pupils ‘ deficiency of experience in a concerted acquisition environment to a great extent impacts on their EAP acquisition and academic success. You read "Discussion And Implications For The Eap Program Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" In add-on, British third instruction suppliers, and people who are involved in this country, need to pay attending to the fact that Saudi pupils ‘ trouble in tutorial engagement is one which interferes with or prevents pupils from developing EAP acquisition and academic success while analyzing in British graduate student plans. The findings of this survey with cross-cultural version in the subject of cultural theories presented in chapter two of this survey revealed Saudi pupils ‘ experiences of larning English at place and in British graduate student plans are different. First, Saudi pupils did non hold adequate opportunity to larn about Britain, even though the UK had been regarded as one of the preferable English speech production states Saudi pupils seek for their graduate student surveies. In fact, Saudi English instruction plans do non supply adequate information about English talking states in their course of study. This besides tended to take to a deficiency of cognition and cross-cultural consciousness for Saudi pupils in respects to their targeted states. On the other manus, Saudi pupils ‘ exposure to such cognition and cross-cultural facets was likely to be recognised one time they arrived in the UK and commenced their classs in British establishments † plans. It can be argued t hat Saudi pupils ‘ well- organised readying before going their place state is important in guaranting better version to the new acquisition environment, particularly the academic environment. More significantly, the research findings in this context emphasised a deficiency of cognition of the academic context which is besides an of import issue. The fact that Saudi English instruction plans do non embrace the academic context is an excess concern. This may be the most serious job that causes current Saudi pupils ‘ English linguistic communication troubles when accommodating to the British academic context ( every bit good as other English talking states ‘ academic contexts ) . For this ground, Saudi pupils merely begin to gain the importance of the academic context as they encountered the new or existent academic environment. Refering the general tendency of Saudi pupils ‘ taking English speech production states for their instruction, it is necessary for people or administrations to originate plans of English linguistic communication for academic intents as an indispensable portion of the school course of study. These would better link with the demands o f the scholars in their new academic environment. In add-on ; consciousness about developing a better apprehension of academic cultural differences, particularly when aiming English speech production states, should be examined by both pupils themselves and policy shapers in Saudi Arabia prior to doing a concluding determination about who is traveling to analyze in English speech production states. Saudi pupils ‘ motions into British graduate student plans Saudi pupils are ‘on the move ‘ to see other states. They are go forthing Saudi Arabia as tourers, pupils, and man of affairs. In recent old ages, they have shown a penchant for sing foreign states with an increasing avidity to larn foreign linguistic communications, particularly English and deriving recognizable makings e.g. Masterss or PhDs every bit good as to hold an escapade larning about different peoples and civilizations. This quickly turning tendency has been encouraged by King Abdullah ‘s scholarship. There is no uncertainty that an of import drift for Saudis ‘ attending to the outside universe has been the high rate of growing of the Korean economic system and its economic promotion. As a consequence of this advancement, the figure of Saudi pupils using to analyze in British graduate student plans has increased steadily over the last five old ages. Recent information from the Ministry of Higher Education in Saudi Arabia ; which relates the Numberss of Saudi pupils analyzing abroad, the UK came 2nd after the US in popularity. At present, the necessity for English linguistic communication accomplishments and their importance in the present epoch is a primary influence exciting travel to the UK for academic intents. A good degree of English and its wider use are now important demands for all working and academic countries in Saudi society. The proficiency degree of English is a major demand in judging pupils ‘ eligibility to come in to third establishments, every bit good as in the enlisting of human resources in Saudi Arabia. This enthusiastically supported societal phenomenon has become a major issue nation-wide since the proclamation of King Abdullah ‘s scholarships. This accelerated the societal phenomenon and led finally to more Saudi pupils set abouting abroad surveies. It resulted in an sweetening of Britain ‘s place as one of the preferable finishs for such intents. The Main Characteristics of Saudi Students ‘ Experiences of Learning the English Language in Saudi Arabia The probe into the features of Saudi pupils ‘ experiences in larning the English linguistic communication in Saudi Arabia focused on how they had been taught English as a foreign linguistic communication in the Saudi instruction system and their positions on their English acquisition in Saudi Arabia. In general, it was found that Saudi pupils sampled in this survey indicated that they had been dissatisfied with the English class that was provided by the ministry of instruction. These consequences were non surprising as old research conducted by Al-Tuwaijri ( 1982 ) , who was analyzing in the US at that clip, asked them how satisfied they were with English the course of study, and learning methods and the consequences showed the bulk of his participants were dissatisfied. The underpinning attack can be concluded as a chiefly teacher-centred larning teaching method. Furthermore, this research found that there were some extra facets of their anterior educational experience in Saudi Arabia that impacted upon their ulterior acquisition in an English speech production environment viz. the UK. First, the background of Saudi pupils sampled in this survey was that many had non had an chance to larn or pattern the English linguistic communication with native English talkers. Even though some of them had experience with those who speak English as their first or 2nd linguistic communication, the chief focal point of the learning teaching method affecting their speech production abilities did non look to assist their development of English linguistic communication proficiency. Due to the dominant environment of exam-based English linguistic communication acquisition, speech production in a communicative context is non a precedence concern for Saudi pupils prior to entry into the esteemed universities in Saudi ‘s instruction system. Therefore, Saudi p upils do non hold to show unwritten proficiency. In add-on, Saudi pupils sampled in this survey revealed a deficiency of cognition about the IELTS trial system because of the laterality of the TOFEL trial in Saudi Arabia. There are many more readying plans for the TOFEL trial in Saudi universities and private English linguistic communication establishments than there are IELTS proving Centres. The British Council in Riyadh provides IELTS trial Centres in Saudi Arabia. Unfortunately, from the information it seems that there are non any specific third readying plans for domestic Saudi pupils who seek to analyze in English talking states like Australia, Canada, UK, US and New Zealand. More significantly, the consequences revealed that there is small concern about the importance of English for academic intents in general in the English linguistic communication larning teaching method in Saudi. Learning English for the interest of larning a new linguistic communication was wholly absent from the participants points of position. The consequences besides, showed that English acquisition is chiefly undertaken because the high force per unit area placed upon larning English as an of import measure for entry into esteemed Saudi Arabian third establishments, or to derive a better chance to be employed by major companies such as ARAMCO and this has ever been a important facet of larning English. Refering the issue of a pre-departure readying scheme for Saudi pupils meaning to analyze in the UK, there is grounds here that Saudi pupils were non sufficiently prepared in Saudi to run into the demands of the proficiency degree of English needed for most British graduate student plans. Students needed to fix for such demands, including the by heightening their proficiency degree in English and their apprehension of the academic environment of British graduate student plans. However, the Saudi pupils sampled in this survey revealed that they did non go to any plan in Saudi Arabia in order to help them in get bying with such possible jobs while analyzing overseas. In general, even though those who wished to analyze overseas realised the importance of taking official English trials, more than half of the pupils in this survey took them in Saudi Arabia. The grounds of the study outcomes in this survey reveals that the IELTS trial is the most preferable by Saudi pupils come ining British graduate student plans. This is non surprising because most, if non all, British third establishments emphasise this trial as a important measuring of international pupils ‘ ability when finding whether or non they can set about British graduate student plans. Harmonizing to the findings from the study, the Saudi pupils sampled in this survey had begun to larn English as a foreign linguistic communication at an inappropriate age in footings of their cognitive development as 2nd linguistic communication scholars. They were between childhood and maturity when they began analyzing English linguistic communication. Harmonizing to Park ( 2006 ) larning the English linguistic communication at the age of 13 old ages is instead late in footings of sing the most effectual development of their 2nd linguistic communication larning accomplishments. It seems that Saudi pupils were non to the full confident about why they had to larn English and how far they could come on in their English proficiency degree. The consequences revealed in chapter one that Saudi pupils were taught the English linguistic communication in Saudi Arabia by unqualified English instructors who required them to larn in a inactive the top down manner. This meant that Saudi pupils needed changeless counsel from their English instructors about their errors during the learning procedure. The Main Characteristics of Saudi Students ‘ Experiences in Learning EAP in the UK The first issue raised in larning EAP in the UK context is about the composing of the scholars group inside the schoolroom as it might impact on the development of EAP larning procedure. Harmonizing to research findings about Saudi pupils ‘ experience of EAP larning in UK establishments, the groups of scholars larning English were chiefly composed of Saudis with two or three non-Arabic pupils who speak Arabic as their precedence. This means that Saudi pupils did non hold much chance to better their speech production proficiency degree. In add-on, it is natural that they would talk in Arabic if they had something to inquire to each other in category. It is necessary for EAP instructors to inquire or even to coerce them to talk in English. EAP instructors may state them that if they do non talk in English they will lose some Markss. From the observation there were some EAP instructors who were truly rigorous about talking in English. It would be a positive move if the EAP instruc tors were to go on this pattern towards better proviso of the transmutation of the pupils ‘ wonts of speech production in English all the times at least in the schoolroom. A multicultural group larning environment, whether in the UK or Saudi Arabia, would offers Saudi pupils ‘ positive experiences including more chance to interact with pupils from different states who speak English as a 2nd linguistic communication. In these fortunes pupils have to utilize English in order to pass on with each other whether or non their proficiency degree of English is sufficient to pass on. One piece of grounds to back up this statement is that the consequences of this survey showed that Saudi pupils improved their English linguistic communication accomplishments one time they started conversation with those who speak English as a first or 2nd linguistic communication. Sing this result, it can be emphasised how of import it is to set up an appropriate environment for scholars of EAP. This is a ground why policy shapers in the UK should see the figure of each nationality in the schoolroom. In add-on to that the English instruction system in Saudi Arabia needs to enroll as many native English instructors as possible, particularly if the system does non germinate a multicultural group larning environment in Saudi instruction system. It is the best option to supply a similar environment to English speech production states. The last issue raised in this context is that linguistic communication intervention might happen during the procedure of English linguistic communication acquisition in a different environment. The acquisition environment where Arabic linguistic communication is dominant ( as in Saudi Arabia itself ) does non supply specific linguistic communication intervention. However, Saudi pupils in the UK are straight influenced by the differences between their first linguistic communication, Arabic, and English. For Saudi pupils sampled in this survey, English is their chief precedence, so it is natural that the distance between the two different linguistic communications would make linguistic communication intervention whenever they use English in activities that are a portion of the British academic context. However, both faculty members and EAP instructors in the UK should be able to place this job in order to better pupils ‘ proficiency degrees in the English linguistic communication . The English Language Difficulties that Saudi Students Face in the British academic Context The 2nd dimension of the first research inquiry was to place the English linguistic communication troubles that Saudi pupils faced from an educational position while they were enrolled in British graduate student plans delivered in English which related to both present state of affairss analysis and mark state of affairs analysis. The research findings revealed that Saudi pupils ‘ reading and authorship jobs are the chief issues to get the better of during their classs. There are several of import factors lending to pupils ‘ troubles in these two facets in the British academic context. As discussed in the background to Saudi pupils ‘ experience in larning English in Saudi Arabia, these factors could be related to jobs with English linguistic communication teaching method and learning methodological analysis in Saudi Arabia or in the UK. It can be said that Saudi pupils ‘ background experiences in larning the English linguistic communication straight reflect th e jobs of Saudi pupils ‘ reading and composing troubles in the British academic context. The findings obtained from this research clearly indicate that EAP plans did non supply adequate chances for the development of pupils ‘ reading and composing abilities. This survey indicates that engagement in tutorials or group activities and giving a presentation were amongst the more hard undertakings for Saudi pupils to get by with. The analytical results obtained from the three different methodological analysiss applied to this survey, viz. the descriptive consequences of the study, observation, and in-depth interviews, indicated three contributory factors. The first is a deficiency of assurance with their proficiency degree in English as a 2nd linguistic communication, which was due to a self-fulfillment about the insufficiency of their readying and tuition, with respect to the manner they were taught English in Saudi Arabia. Acerate leaf to state as many Saudi research workers have found ( ) , Saudi pupils were taught English in an examination-based and text-based system. These learning experiences tend sometimes to do them dying when required to take part in tutorial Sessionss and group meetings, which is the prevailing teaching method in th ird instruction. Furthermore pupils ‘ anxiousnesss arise from a deficiency of assurance with all major English linguistic communication accomplishment classs, including speech production, listening, reading and composing. These anxiousnesss as Park ( 2006 ) claimed besides lead to pupils holding psychological emphasiss. Consequently, it can be concluded that the displacement from a teacher-centred to student-centred acquisition system and being critical, non merely in composing but in all facet of larning are the chief cross-cultural factors that causes jobs. In short, Saudi pupils in this survey who spoke English as a 2nd linguistic communication and were presently enrolled in British graduate student plans were shown to hold troubles in accommodating to the usage of the English linguistic communication. With respect to version troubles, two of import findings of this survey were a deficiency of exposure to a existent English speech production environment and strangeness with the usage of English, peculiarly for academic intents. The research findings from sample responses in this survey clearly indicate that Saudi pupils chiefly face reading and composing jobs. The consequences of this survey revealed that Saudi pupils have trouble in reading rapidly through a text to acquire a general position of the content when reading. It was besides evident that they are unfamiliar with the construction of English academic authorship, have trouble in showing thoughts when composing and happen it hard to organize thoughts in a logical sequence. The research findings here indicate that Saudi pupils ‘ troubles in reading and authorship activities are affected by learning and larning methods that were adopted in the Saudi instruction system. Acerate leaf to state the teaching method in Saudi is preponderantly reliant on an examination-based model. Despite the attempts of EAP instructors in the UK Saudi pupils still find it hard to get by with academic reading and authorship. The difference between the two instruction systems in footings of learning authorship and reading are besides of import factors that were reported to impact Saudi pupils ‘ ability to get by with EAP in British graduate student plans. The Main Cross-cultural Factors that Impact on Saudi Students ‘ Troubles in the British Context Last, this research asked about the chief cross-cultural fluctuations that impact on Saudi pupils ‘ troubles in the British graduate student acquisition environment. In general, the research findings indicated that cross-cultural discourses presented fewer jobs when compared to English linguistic communication troubles. However, the most of import determination of this research is that Saudi pupils are to a great extent influenced by changed forms in their acquisition environment, peculiarly traveling from a teacher-centred to student-centred system. This was besides shown to hold an impact on Saudi pupils ‘ troubles in take parting in some tutorials and some other in-class activities. The impact of this displacement besides influenced Saudi pupils ‘ assurance with the English linguistic communication and created anxiousnesss and emphasis in tutorial Sessionss. The research findings indicate that the Saudi pupils sampled were affected by different types of academic activities and cross-cultural differences as the research worker expected. In add-on, the undermentioned three of import facets of the new academic context influenced the Saudi pupils sampled in this survey. These were traveling from a teacher-centred to a student-centred, discussion-based and critical thinking-based acquisition system as found in British graduate student plans. Harmonizing to the consequences, pupils who had experience of go toing the EAP plan tended to hold fewer jobs in the discussion-based attacks of the instruction system. The older pupil participants in this survey, in peculiar, were likely to meet fewer jobs accommodating to a different acquisition system. Whilst younger pupils were likely to hold some trouble in accommodating to a British single ability-centred academic environment. Harmonizing to the survey ‘s findings, the pupils that undertook EA P plans still have trouble in fixing assignments. In contrast, these pupils showed a higher adaptability in all other classs with regard to the cross-cultural issues raised in this survey. The Best Preparation for Saudi Students to Succeed in British graduate student Plans The research findings can lend to the treatment and preparation of schemes to develop more effectual ways for Saudi pupils to fix for British graduate student plans in footings of their linguistic communication and academic demands. Successful accomplishment of their ends and deriving an apprehension of their new academic context are the existent loads for Saudi pupils. Presently, these are barriers that prevent them from accommodating both academically and linguistically. The Saudi pupils sampled in this survey clearly indicated that they had shown different degrees of version harmonizing to the old plans they experienced prior to come ining British graduate student plans. The old two chapters detailed the current public presentation of Saudi pupils sampled and their responses in seting to the British academic context. More than half of the Saudi pupils who participated in this survey had experienced EAP plans before get downing their classs in British graduate student plans. In peculiar, a bulk of them attended a class offered by the university plan that was chiefly designed to fix them to come in the university and run into its demand but non for the official IELTS trial or any other trial. Saudi pupils sampled in this survey are likely to hold spent less than 12 months analyzing in such a readying plan. Typically, the Saudi pupils sampled in this survey appeared to depend on go throughing the EAP plan to derive permission to analyze in British graduate student plans one time they arrived in the UK. I would propose that the EAP plans provided by the universities should besides be concentrating on the IELTS trial because the consequences from the pupil interviews revealed that they are non confident about the university assessment process. Therefore, fixing pupils for the IELTS would forestall any misinterpretations on the pupils ‘ portion over whether they were tested based on their background. For the present sample of Saudi pupils, nevertheless, it has been revealed that as clip has gone on the IELTS trial is recognised to be merely one step of entry degree ability and non needfully the 1 that predicts success in third acquisition. In fact, this research indicates that most Saudi pupils continue to confront English linguistic communication troubles and academic cultural challenges in the academic context while set abouting their graduate student surveies. The EAP instructors who had old experience of learning Saudi pupils in this survey believed that the proficiency degree of English acquired by go throughing the IELTS trial differs from the proficiency degree of English which would be utilised in the existent life state of affairss which arise in the class of academic survey. A deficiency of cognition and accomplishments associated with English for academic intents is a major ground. Saudi pupils sampled in this survey admitted that the degree of English acquisition and instruction does non run into the degree that British graduate student plans require because the current Saudi English instruction system and its acquisition environment are non practical plenty to accomplish the high proficiency degree of English that is indispensable for Saudi pupils. The research findings clearly indicate that Saudi pupils who had experienced an EAP plan showed better public presentation in their academic surveies compared to those pupils who had non attended any EAP plans. The consequences besides showed that Saudi pupils were found to hold experienced trouble in run intoing the needed degrees of proficiency in the English for British graduate student plans. The acknowledgment of the English linguistic communication jobs that pupils encounter while set abouting their plans presently is described by sources as the deficiency of their cognition about the mark linguistic communication because of the manner it was taught in the EAP plan. Howevet, the research found that with regard to academic cultural issues, pupils who had undertaken EAP plans demonstrated more adaptability in most countries of subsequently larning. For illustration, some pupils responded that they were satisfied with proficiency degree of their English speech production and were confident and had less anxiousness when they needed to talk in a category. While others besides had trouble in organizing thoughts in a logical sequence when composing English. Furthermore, they were probably to hold fewer jobs than other nationalities when giving a spoken presentation in category. 6.5 Chapter sum-up This chapter discusses the results from the information analysis and connects them with the theories that have been discussed in chapters two and three. It was clear that pupil linguistic communication proficiency was non high plenty for Saudi pupils to get down their graduate student surveies at British establishments. It was besides revealed that pupils are confronting troubles in get bying with their new academic environment. Consequently, the research suggests that the best readying for Saudi pupils as they enter British graduate student plans and achieve successful consequences is to go to EAP plans where they can accomplish early socialization and pre-preparation by sing interaction with native English talkers in existent academic state of affairss. This suggested tract would probably offer future Saudi pupils a more realistic chance to get the better of jobs presently faced by Saudi graduate student pupils. These Saudi pupils must be regarded as grownup scholars when sing their age harmonizing to the consequences of the study. As grownup scholars, they would probably recognize the importance of EAP and the academic differences in their new academic environment. It can be said that their greater realization of this context was chiefly based on experiences of interacting with the British academic acquisition environment. As a consequence, they came to gain what kind of readying they needed and how they might better get by with unexpected jobs faced in British plans. It means that they had chances to detect, through their experiences, how to cover with EAP troubles and academic cultural differences at this degree. In add-on, these Saudi pupils revealed that their anxiousness, emphasis and deficiency of assurance with English as a 2nd linguistic communication created a psychological trouble when take parting in tutorials. Sing the issues discussed supra, a scope of possible recommendations can be offered that might supply a valuable way for Saudi pupils, the policy shapers in Saudi Arabia and British establishments, private suppliers and other people who are involved in this sector. These might be considered in order to better Saudi pupils ‘ public presentations in British graduate student plans in the hereafter. How to cite Discussion And Implications For The Eap Program Education Essay, Essay examples

Human rights in yugoslavia (98 Essay Example For Students

Human rights in yugoslavia (98 Essay Yugoslavia became a Communist state in 1945 under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito, who ruled until his death in 1980. Under Tito, Yugoslavia developed its own form of Communism, independent of control by the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union was the most powerful Communist country in the world until 1991. The Communists in Yugoslavia banned all other political parties. However, they lifted the ban in 1990. That year, the first multiparty elections were held in all the republics. Non-Communist parties won control of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, and Slovenia. Communists renamed Socialists, continued to hold power in Serbia and Montenegro. National government. In theory, Yugoslavias government is democratic. It has an elected parliament and an appointed president and Prime Minister. In practice, however, power is in the hands of Serbian president Slobodan Milosevic. In May 1992, elections were held for parliament. However, opposition parties boycotted the elections, and Milosevics partythe Socialist Party of Serbiawon a majority of seats in the legislature. Milosevics control of the parliament allowed him to rule in a dictatorial manner. Local government. Both Serbia and Montenegro have a popularly elected president and parliament. Serbia includes the provinces of Kosovo and Vojvodina. These provinces had many powers of self-government until 1990, when Serbia stripped them of their special status. History Yugoslavia is what remains of a much larger country, also called Yugoslavia that broke up into several independent nations in 1991 and 1992. The new Yugoslavia, like the former, lies on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. Belgrade is the nations capital and largest city. The name Yugoslavia means Land of the South Slavs. The name comes from the fact that the first Yugoslav state was formed in 1918 with the goal of uniting three groups of South Slavs: the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. Yugoslavias mix of people gave the country a rich variety of cultures. However, differences in religion, language, and culture eventually contributed to Yugoslavias breakup. From 1946 to 1991, Yugoslavia was a federal state consisting of six republics. In 1991 and 1992, four of the republicsBosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, and Sloveniadeclared their independence. Fighting then broke out between Serbs and other ethnic groups in Croatia and in Bosnia-Herzegovina. As a result of this fighting, Serbian forces occupied about 30 percent of Croatias territory and about two-thirds of Bosnia-Herzegovina. A cease-fire ended most of the fighting in Croatia in January 1992. But in May 1995, Croatian government forces began to take back the areas that were held by the Serbs. In April 1992, Serbia and Montenegro formed a new, smaller Yugoslavia. However, the United States and most other nations have refused to recognize the country. Economy After the Communists took control of Yugoslavia in 1945, they began working to develop Yugoslavia from an agricultural country into an industrial nation. The government introduced programs to encourage industrial growth and to raise living standards. At first, government agencies developed and carried out the programs. But in the 1950s, the government began a system of self-management. Under this system, workers in individual enterprises, such as factories and mines do economic planning. Workers council in each enterprise determines production goals, prices, and wagesall based on government guidelines. In the early 1990s, the new Yugoslav government announced plans to move gradually toward a free-enterprise system. Under such a system, business owners and managers would decide what to produce and how much to charge. Agriculture still employs a large number of Yugoslavs. Farmers in Serbia and Montenegro grow corn, potatoes, tobacco, and wheat. They also raise cattle, hogs, and sheep. Other important crops in Montenegro include cherries, figs, grapes, olives, peaches, pears, and plums. Farmland covers nearly half of Yugoslavia. .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 , .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .postImageUrl , .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 , .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075:hover , .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075:visited , .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075:active { border:0!important; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075:active , .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075 .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3d31491dee430d0c0eb7c3af38fbe075:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Unwanted Essay Forests, which cover about a fourth of the country, are an important natural resource. Yugoslavia also has mineral resources. Mines yield bauxite, coal, copper ore, lead, and zinc. Wells in the Pannonian Plains and in the Adriatic Sea produce petroleum and natural gas. Factories in Yugoslavia make aluminum, automobiles, cement, iron and steel, paper, plastics, textiles, and trucks. A good system of roads extends from Belgrade, the capital. Roads in the rest of the country, especially in Montenegro, are less developed. There are airports in Belgrade, Nis, Podgorica, Pristina, .

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Battle of Princeton in the American Revolution

Battle of Princeton in the American Revolution Conflict Date: The Battle of Princeton was fought January 3, 1777, during the American Revolution (1775-1783). Armies Commanders: Americans General George WashingtonBrigadier General Hugh Mercer4,500 men British Major General Lord Charles CornwallisLieutenant Colonel Charles Mawhood1,200 men Background: Following his stunning Christmas 1776 victory over the Hessians at Trenton, General George Washington withdrew back across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania. On December 26, Lieutenant Colonel John Cadwaladers Pennsylvania militia re-crossed the river at Trenton and reported that the enemy was gone. Reinforced, Washington moved back into New Jersey with the bulk of his army and assumed a strong defensive position. Anticipating a swift British reaction to the Hessians defeat, Washington placed his army in a defensive line behind Assunpink Creek to the south of Trenton. Sitting atop a low string of hills, the American left was anchored on the Delaware while the right ran east. To slow any British counterattack, Washington directed Brigadier General Matthias Alexis Roche de Fermoy to take his brigade, which included a large number of riflemen, north to Five Mile Run and block the road to Princeton. At Assunpink Creek, Washington faced a crisis as the enlistments of many of his men were set to expire on December 31. By making a personal appeal and offering a ten dollar bounty, he was able to convince many to extend their service by one month. Assunpink Creek In New York, Washingtons concerns about a strong British reaction proved well-founded. Angered over the defeat at Trenton, General William Howe cancelled Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis leave and directed him to advance against the Americans with around 8,000 men. Moving southwest, Cornwallis left 1,200 men under Lieutenant Colonel Charles Mawhood at Princeton and another 1,200 men under Brigadier General Alexander Leslie at Maidenhead (Lawrenceville), before encountering the American skirmishers at Five Mile Run. As de Fermoy had become drunk and wandered away from his command, leadership of the Americans fell to Colonel Edward Hand. Forced back from Five Mile Run, Hands men made several stands and delayed the British advance through the afternoon of January 2, 1777. After conducting a fighting retreat through the streets of Trenton, they rejoined Washingtons army on the heights behind Assunpink Creek. Surveying Washingtons position, Cornwallis launched three unsuccessful attacks in an attempt to take the bridge over the creek before halting due to growing darkness. Though warned by his staff that Washington may escape in the night, Cornwallis rebuffed their concerns as he believed the Americans had no line of retreat. On the heights, Washington convened a council of war to discuss the situation and asked his officers if they should stay and fight, withdraw across the river, or make a strike against Mawhood at Princeton. Electing for the bold option of attacking Princeton, Washington ordered the armys baggage sent to Burlington and his officers to commence preparation for moving out. Washington Escapes: To pin Cornwallis in place, Washington directed that 400-500 men and two cannon remain on the Assunpink Creek line to tend campfires and make digging sounds. These men were to retire before dawn and rejoin the army. By 2:00 AM the bulk of the army was quietly in motion and moving away from Assunpink Creek. Proceeding east to Sandtown, Washington then turned northwest and advanced on Princeton via the Quaker Bridge Road. As dawn broke, the American troops were crossing Stony Brook approximately two miles from Princeton. Wishing to trap Mawhoods command in the town, Washington detached Brigadier General Hugh Mercers brigade with orders to slip west and then secure and advance up the Post Road. Unknown to Washington, Mawhood was departing Princeton for Trenton with 800 men. The Armies Collide: Marching down the Post Road, Mawhood saw Mercers men emerge from the woods and moved to attack. Mercer quickly formed his men for battle in a nearby orchard to meet the British assault. Charging the tired American troops, Mawhood was able to drive them back. In the process, Mercer became separated from his men and was quickly surrounded by the British who mistook his for Washington. Refusing an order to surrender, Mercer drew his sword and charged. In the resulting melee, he was severely beaten, run through by bayonets, and left for dead. As the battle continued, Cadwaladers men entered the fray and met a fate similar to Mercers brigade. Finally, Washington arrived on the scene, and with the support of Major General John Sullivans division stabilized the American line. Rallying his troops, Washington turned to the offensive and began pressing Mawhoods men. As more American troops arrived on the field, they began to threaten the British flanks. Seeing his position deteriorating, Mawhood ordered a bayonet charge with the goal of breaking through the American lines and allowing his men to escape towards Trenton. Surging forward, they succeeded in penetrating Washingtons position and fled down the Post Road, with American troops in pursuit. In Princeton, the majority of the remaining British troops fled towards New Brunswick, however 194 took refuge in Nassau Hall believing that the buildings thick walls would provide protection. Nearing the structure, Washington assigned Captain Alexander Hamilton to lead the assault. Opening fire with artillery, American troops charged and forced those inside to surrender ending the battle. Aftermath: Flush with victory, Washington wished to continue attacking up the chain of British outposts in New Jersey. After assessing his tired armys condition, and knowing that Cornwallis was in his rear, Washington elected instead to move north and enter winter quarters at Morristown. The victory at Princeton, coupled with the triumph at Trenton, helped bolster American spirits after a disastrous year which saw New York fall to the British. In the fighting, Washington lost 23 killed, including Mercer, and 20 wounded. British casualties were heavier and numbered 28 killed, 58 wounded, and 323 captured. Selected Sources British Battles: Battle of PrincetonBattle of Princeton

Movie - essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Movie - - Essay Example It also provides difficult lessons that Robert McNamara learned about modern war when he was the United States’ Secretary of Defense. In addition, it involves a study of moral complexities in conflicts. The documentary can explain common contemporary issues happening in the modern world, especially the Israeli-Palestine war. For example, it focuses on one of the most significant and controversial figures in the government of the United States in the 20th Century (Grothaus 1). The documentary focuses on the war involving Cuba, United States and United Soviet Socialists Union (Grothaus 1). Cuba almost engaged in war with the United Soviets Socialists Union. In addition, the documentary provides methodologies that can be adopted in times when one has to make a quick decision (Grothaus 1). Moreover, Robert McNamara claims that some war situations might be hard and dilemmatic. However, learning is not possible when dealing with nuclear weapons because any mistake made in the process would be highly consequential.As directed by Errol Morris, the film focuses on eleven lessons that can be learned from Robert McNamara’s life. Some of the lessons learned are decisions concerning critical situations in events of war. The first lesson is to empathize with your enemy. Consequently, it is necessary for the Israelis to sympathize with Palestinians and vice versa. Empathy will allow leaders from both divide to acknowledge that civilians are the most affected (Merip 1). The lesson analyses the need to view the world according to enemies’ perspective. The situation help understand their opinions concerning certain conflict situations. The approach also helps in comprehending their thinking and decision making process. For instance, McNamara illustrates one of the major events that took place when he was the Secretary of defense. The Cuban Missile Crisis illustrates the increased likelihood of Cuba exchanging nuclear weapons

Good Grocers, Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Good Grocers, Inc - Essay Example This calls for the consideration of a mediator’s assistance. In addition, since ,mediation can be applied at any stage of a conflict, the two parties may consider adopting it. The mediator will support the two parties in exploring ways through which they can resolve their differences. Each of the parties may or may not consider a lawyer’s services when going to the mediation. This will depend on the nature of the problem (LexisNexis, 2013, p.78): the problem seems a bit serous since the customer plans to sue the manager, therefore, both parties may need a lawyer. Both parties must always consult their attorney before finalizing the agreement so that they can be sure that they have made complete informed decisions. This will also enable them determine whether all their rights are protected. In this situation, the mediator will help manage the mediation process and facilitate reconciliation between the two conflicting parties. The mediator will not determine the decision nor enforce an agreement. The two parties will participate directly and will be responsible for devising and enforcing their own agreement or settlement. The mediation can be done at the mediator’s office or an agreed location. When the mediation commences, the mediator will explain the process and the essentials such as rules. Either parties or their respective attorneys will have the chance of explaining their opinions in consideration to the dispute. The mediator will support them in understanding each other’s opinion. In some instance, the mediator may meet each of them separately. This may assist in addressing factual and emotional issues and offer both sides the time to receive legal advice from their attorney (LexisNexis, 2013, p.79). Generally, the agreements may be creative. The two parties may end up reaching a solution that is not present in a court of law. For instance, the manger after an agreement with the customer, may

Finance Problems Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Finance Problems - Speech or Presentation Example In order for the company to have the credit standing â€Å"comfortably within the A range,† the target range to be chosen should be at the lower end of the ranges, or the upper limit of the lower rating as its lower limit, and the upper limit of the A rating for the upper limit. Thus, for the fixed charge, the company must choose 3.40x – 4.30x; the lower limit is the upper limit for the Baa rating. For the funds from operations/total debt, the range should be 55-65; 55 being the upper limit for Baa. For the long-term debt/capitalization, the range should be 22-30; the 30% being the lower limit for the Baa rating, rating below the A rating. One of the factors to be included in the decision include the companys research and development spending, which as mentioned in the question can be assumed as capitalized and part of the intangible asset of the company. Because this is an intangible, other investors may not buy into it as a security in terms of providing higher amounts of loans to the company, compared to its competitors. While it has higher than average spending for R&D, this is not a tangible cost that could back up any claims for insolvency, which is also a concern to the investors. Also, the companys ability to use other tax credits is another consideration for settling with the target ranges, because these has effect on the three key figures for the company to qualify for a certain credit rating. Because R&D is capitalized, the additional tax credits by increasing the leverage may not be so significant to the company when R&D is capitalized into intangibles. Because it invests in higher than average R&D, and has higher foreign credits, if these are not affected by increasing the financial leverage of the company, it does not give huge benefit to the company in the process. II. (18-A10 Dividend adjustment model) Regional Software has made a bundle selling spreadsheet software and has begun paying cash

Mumbai-Pune Expressway

Mumbai-Pune Expressway The Mumbai-Pune Expressway has always been a project of high priority for the Maharashtra State Government. The traffic on the Mumbai-Pune section of National Highway 4 is expected to increase drastically. The distance between the two cities is some 180 km and it takes about five hours to cover it under good traffic conditions. However increasingly, and during the monsoon, traffic on the Mumbai-Pune road is very high and frequent accidents block the narrow and winding curves of the two lane highway. Landslides in the region are very frequent due to the monsoon rains. The resulting delays and traffic blockages turn a 5-hour journey to one that would involve anywhere between 10 to 15 hours. (Sulakshana Mahajan, 2002) The Government of Maharashtra had been newly elected in 1995 and they were very keen on the early completion of the Mumbai Pune Expressway, as there was prestige value attached to it. It was decided in July 1996 to implement the project as a BOT(Build-Operate-Transfer) project and tenders were prepared appropriately, for which only one bid was received from Reliance India Limited which was rejected as it was double the government budget. In turn the project was awarded to MSRDC. (IITK Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 2007) Feasibility Study: In 1990, the Government of Maharashtra appointed RITES and Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick of United Kingdom to carry out the feasibility study and they submitted the report with the estimated cost of 240 million USD. The Government then handed over the project to MSRDC in March 1997 on a Build Operate and Transfer basis (BOT) with permission to collect tolls for a period of 30 years. The Government of India received the clearance from the Ministry of Forests and Environment in November 1997. In order to prepare detailed estimates, designs and bid documents the work was divided into eight phases and each phase was under the supervision of renowned international consultants. (IITK Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 2007) Features: Â · The Mumbai Pune Expressway also known as the Yashwantrao Chavan Expressway is Indias first six lane high speed access controlled tolled expressway. Â · Spanning a distance of 93kms it connects Mumbai, the financial capital of India and Pune, the neighboring industrial hub city. Â · The project cost 350 million USD to construct and was completed under the guidance of MSRDC in a time period of 24 months. * The expressway has four lane wide tunnels at five locations with a total length of 5724m. * There are separate tunnels for traffic in each direction and these tunnels are provided with modern facilities for ventilation, lighting and fire fighting vehicles. * This work was entrusted to the Konkan Railway Corporation Ltd on 8 December 1997. Benefits of the Expressway: Many aspects of the Expressway make it an engineering marvel. * No signals along the 93km route and no blind curves. * Reduction in accidents. * Reduction in travel time. * Saving of fuel consumption. * Faster crossing of the Khandala Ghat. * Reduction in pollution. Issues faced in building the Highway: Â · The mountainous terrain around the area, posed a huge threat in building the Expressway. Â · As five tunnels had to be constructed, there was a lot of difficulty in drilling through the mountains as the rock was extremely hard. Â · Around 500 trees which got in the way of the construction had to be uprooted and transplanted into pits dug at other locations. Â · Vast areas of rich, fertile land had to be cleared into farmlands in interior areas. Â · Difficulty in accessing the work areas to supply raw materials. Â · Nature of soil in the area caused problems in building roads, due to which concrete roads had to be built. * Environmental Concerns: An Environment Impact Assessment was conducted by RITES and they identified the following concerns: The construction of the Expressway would impact on the quality of water in the rivers flowing in nearby areas, which were being used for drinking and industrial Purposes. It would also result in loss of forests and rare flora, effect on wild life in the Ghats and lead to landslides in the future. Â · The difficulties faced due to rehabilitation of the human settlements. Reasons for the successful implementation by MSRDC: Workforce: MSRDC hired their workforce from Public Works Department and CIDCO (City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra), most of whom had extensive experience in the development of large-scale projects. They also took employees from the revenue department on deputation to help with the land acquisition process. (IITK Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 2007) Appointment of Project Management Consultants: A Steering Committee was set up in order to recommend different technical standards to be adopted, to prepare geometric standards, and to help MSRDC in deciding upon various provisions of tender documents and related matters. The Steering Committee proposed that Project Management Consultants (PMC) be appointed for preparing and ensuring consistency in design standards, cost estimates and tender documents, and to supervise the construction work as and when it began. In addition it was also though that if the technical aspects of the projects were taken care of by PMCs, then MSRDC could concentrate on the task of coordinating the various administrative requirements such as getting clearances, raising finances etc. Committees were to be formed to perform each of the tasks by drawing personnel from each of the PMCs to ensure consistency. Since the most important skill for a PMC was considered to be Technical Skill, the selection criteria were such that 75% importance was assigned to the technical bid and 25% to the financial bid. Another condition was imposed that 1 PMC will work on only 1 section of the Expressway to avoid excess load on a PMC. (IITK Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 2007) Facilities given by MSRDC to Consultants and Contractors: MSRDC and the Government of Maharashtra provided several facilities to contractors and consultants in order to ensure quick and efficient working. The expenditure on these services helped reduce production costs by 8-10% as a result of speedy completion of work. Some of the facilities given were like: * Project Management Consultants had their own site offices set up with standard equipment like Xerox, telephone, printer provided at MSRDCs expense. * Increase in the price of steel, bitumen and cement will be absorbed by MSRDC. * Custom duty is to be reimbursed for import of new machinery. * Land provided for site facilities was given to the contractor free of cost. * As the stretch of construction was 93 kms, MSRDC prompted oil companies to set up petrol pumps. * MSRDC took the responsibility to divert all utility services like telephone cables, water pipelines and electrical lines coming in the construction stretch. Litigation: MSRDC adopted a very proactive stand towards litigation right from the start and they appointed a panel of experts for handling cases. They also made sure they responded to court orders in very less time which helped reduce the delays in re-seeking appropriate dates. (IITK Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 2007) References: Roadtraffic-technology.com. (2009) Mumbai-Pune Expressway, India. Available from: http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/mumbai/ [Accessed: 11/12/2009] Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd. (2007) MSRDC Project Mumbai Pune Expressway. Available from: http://www.msrdc.org/Projects/Mumbai_Pune_Expr.aspx [Accessed: 11/12/2009] Wikipedia (2009) Mumbai Pune Expressway. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai-Pune_Expressway [Accessed: 11/12/2009] ExpressIndia (2000) The Mumbai-Pune expressway. Available from: http://www.expressindia.com/news/fe/daily/20000730/fec30031.html [Accessed: 11/12/2009] Dandekar/Mahajan EPW Paper (2001) MSRDC and The Mumbai-Pune Expressway: A Sustainable Model for Privatizing Construction of Physical Infrastructure? Available from: http://sdmahajan.tripod.com/epw_paper.pdf [Accessed: 11/12/2009]

Employee Motivation and Effective Job Performance Essay -- Positive, N

â€Å"It seems that the ethos of â€Å"shared sacrifice† evoked by this past generation has gone by the wayside. In place of the Greatest Generation, we are now in the midst of what might be termed the â€Å"greediest generation,† whose hallmark include an insatiable appetite for the trappings of status and wealth† (Monheit, 2010, p.272). Studies show how effective upbringing can influence the independence of an individual and the roles these characteristics play throughout adulthood (Lekes, Gingras, Phillippe, Koestner & Fang, 2009). In addition to providing structure, consistent rewards and punishments must exist to reinforce that behavior. These traits learned throughout adolescence are detrimental for managers in determining employee motivation methods and effective job performance. For thousands of years, humans have strived for independence. Moses’ people fleeing the Egyptians and Pilgrims escaping Europe’s religious persecution are examples of people seeking freedom from hostile conditions that dampened their free will. For these groups, independence was far from free, the journey was dangerous, but the reward was extraordinary. Their nobility and perseverance is what makes their actions so admirable and memorable hundreds and thousands of years later. Getting something for nothing has not always been the norm, but a learned trait conveyed for many generations. Parental involvement has been linked to a wide variety of outcomes including perceived competence and control according to a study performed by Farkas and Grolnick (2010, p.267). Parental supported child autonomy produce high levels of warmth and involvement along with providing structure, motivation, and persistence (Farkas and Grolnick, 2010, p.266). Structure enables children ... ...e kinds of sacrifices that are essential to promote the common good† (Monheit, 2010, p.272). Receipt of â€Å"something,† whether it be tangible goods or feedback, not contingent on a specific performance will decrease an individual’s motivation and satisfaction as well as future performance (Podaskoff, 2010, p.298). Parents’ influence on adolescents mold the characteristics and behaviors for adulthood. These learned traits are pertinent for managers seeking to validate and administer rewards to reach a specific outcome or goal. With consideration of personality response to feedback, one can determine how rewards not linked to performance can have little effect on the attitudes or behaviors of individuals (Podaskoff, 2010, p.299). People who get something for nothing, become good for nothing through unwarranted honors rewarding unsatisfactory behavior and performance.